Precios Alimentos Histórico

Los precios de los alimentos básicos subieron en agosto según informó hoy la Organización de Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO).

En concreto, el índice de precios alimentarios de la FAO tuvo un promedio de 165.6 puntos en agosto, 1.9% más que en julio y casi 7% respecto al año anterior. Este aumento mensual fue impulsado principalmente por los precios del queso y el aceite de palma, mientras que los del trigo, maíz y arroz experimentaban descensos.

La producción mundial de cereales secundarios para 2016 será de unos mil 329 millones de toneladas, 2.1% más que en 2015, impulsada por una mayor previsión de la producción de maíz en varios países, en particular Estados Unidos.

El índice de precios de la FAO es un índice ponderado con base en los intercambios comerciales que hace el seguimiento de los precios internacionales de los cinco principales grupos de alimentos básicos. El índice revirtió su caída de julio y subió en agosto a su nivel más alto en los últimos 15 meses.

El índice de precios de los productos lácteos de la FAO subió 8.6% durante el mes. Asimismo, el índice de precios de los aceites vegetales de la FAO aumentó 7.4% en el mes. Por su parte, el índice de precios del azúcar de la FAO, ahora en su nivel más alto en casi seis años, subió 2.5% en relación a julio y ha llegado a un 75% por encima de su nivel de hace un año.

El índice de precios de la carne de la FAO se mantuvo prácticamente estable, con un aumento del 0.3% en relación a julio, incluso aunque bajaron los precios de la carne de bovino.

Finalmente, el índice de la FAO para los precios de los cereales se redujo en 3.0% con respecto a julio y se situó 7.4% por debajo de su nivel de agosto de 2015.

El Índice De Precios De Los Alimentos está conformado por el promedio de cinco índices de precios de grupos de productos (Índice de Precios de Carnes, Índice de Precios de Productos Lácteos, índice de Precios de Cereales, Índice de Precios de Petróleo y Grasas y el Índice de Precios del Azúcar), ponderados por las cuotas medias de exportación de cada uno de los grupos para el período 2002-2004.

La Organización considera un total de 55 productos denominados como básicos que bajo su criterio representan los precios internacionales de los productos alimentarios.

Fuente: Elaboración Propia con datos de la FAO

En la gráfica anterior se observa el índice de Precios de los Alimentos (Food Price Index en inglés) para el periodo comprendido entre el enero del 1990 a julio del 2015 que es calculada por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO).

Si trazamos una curva de tendencia lineal sobre el gráfico podemos observar que el comportamiento general, a largo plazo de la serie presenta una tendencia creciente con un Coeficiente de determinación (R2) de 0.8074, es decir, la curva de tendencia se ajusta en un 80 por ciento al comportamiento de los precios de los alimentos para el periodo de referencia.

FechaÍndice de precios de alimentosCarneProductos LácteosCerealesAceites VegetalesAzúcar
1/1990108,7112,394,3106,473,0201,5
2/1990109,9117,791,9104,072,5207,9
3/1990107,9119,673,6102,174,6218,0
4/1990114,2131,085,2105,171,8216,3
5/1990111,2130,570,0105,374,4207,2
6/1990109,3132,770,0103,171,7184,0
7/1990106,0131,370,096,871,6170,1
8/1990103,3130,066,193,574,2155,1
9/1990104,4136,968,487,273,2157,1
10/1990103,1134,769,888,574,6139,3
11/1990102,6130,970,887,778,6142,9
12/1990105,4134,480,288,080,5138,2
1/1991104,0130,083,789,880,3124,9
2/1991105,9136,283,391,278,6120,8
3/1991105,0130,281,594,279,1129,7
4/1991101,9125,976,495,276,4120,8
5/1991100,8127,574,994,075,5107,6
6/1991102,4126,776,893,275,8130,6
7/1991102,8126,971,592,378,7146,3
8/1991103,1125,473,896,480,1134,2
9/1991105,1128,180,597,179,4131,8
10/1991108,8131,486,6100,884,0129,4
11/1991109,9134,090,1100,984,8122,9
12/1991110,4131,590,1104,086,1127,7
1/1992110,2129,393,1106,287,0118,1
2/1992111,4132,293,1109,485,2111,3
3/1992111,0129,192,3109,488,2116,6
4/1992109,9126,592,3104,587,8134,2
5/1992110,1125,996,1103,088,1136,1
6/1992112,5127,9101,3102,289,3147,0
7/1992110,5127,1102,297,884,4146,3
8/1992108,3127,9100,093,082,5139,5
9/1992108,3124,6102,996,584,5132,1
10/1992106,4123,897,096,584,5123,6
11/1992107,7127,094,597,887,3121,6
12/1992103,9119,093,797,085,7115,7
1/1993105,4122,193,597,687,1116,9
2/1993105,6121,994,796,587,4121,5
3/1993107,4122,393,696,485,7150,7
4/1993106,4119,592,195,585,1158,2
5/1993106,6121,990,992,483,6167,9
6/1993104,8124,490,888,182,7147,4
7/1993105,0123,687,493,286,4137,4
8/1993102,6118,584,394,785,1132,5
9/1993102,7118,579,597,684,8135,4
10/1993103,8118,972,6102,983,8146,0
11/1993106,9119,173,1111,490,6143,6
12/1993108,6115,074,2114,7102,6149,3
1/1994108,7112,880,4114,1103,3146,2
2/1994108,1113,680,3111,798,2153,5
3/1994107,7112,281,1107,199,7166,6
4/1994105,4111,974,4104,2103,4156,2
5/1994108,3117,374,4102,9109,9164,3
6/1994107,8113,679,0100,3110,7171,0
7/1994105,2113,079,893,2108,5167,0
8/1994108,5115,481,495,2118,3171,7
9/1994112,7114,787,7100,1130,0178,7
10/1994113,9115,291,5102,2127,4180,9
11/1994118,9120,193,2101,2142,6197,8
12/1994118,7113,996,6103,5142,7208,2
1/1995119,4115,1104,1103,9133,3209,4
2/1995122,1122,2108,8103,1133,4204,5
3/1995124,6126,4112,2102,6135,7207,0
4/1995120,8122,5110,2103,5125,4194,4
5/1995120,9121,0109,6107,7123,4191,9
6/1995122,8118,4109,7113,7128,9198,9
7/1995128,3125,2113,4121,9134,2192,8
8/1995127,0126,0115,8119,6128,2184,2
9/1995127,6129,3116,4124,6123,3165,9
10/1995130,7129,7117,2131,3129,0168,0
11/1995130,1128,0117,2131,7127,5170,0
12/1995129,0123,6116,4135,3122,0174,7
1/1996131,0130,7116,1136,7114,6177,8
2/1996131,7130,6115,3140,3111,6181,8
3/1996133,1134,5111,6142,8110,9183,2
4/1996135,6130,8110,7156,5119,4170,0
5/1996138,6136,7107,2164,3119,4161,6
6/1996135,9136,6107,1155,3112,5172,7
7/1996134,6136,8107,2150,0108,1181,8
8/1996134,3142,1106,0142,1112,6175,5
9/1996129,5142,4105,7124,2116,0169,1
10/1996124,9137,2106,7118,3112,2157,8
11/1996121,8134,4105,0112,2113,7152,1
12/1996121,9133,6106,2112,7114,1152,4
1/1997119,8126,6107,8112,7115,2151,7
2/1997121,2129,2107,3113,6116,5153,4
3/1997124,1135,0106,4117,1114,4157,7
4/1997124,9136,6105,3117,8115,2160,4
5/1997124,1137,7104,3114,4115,5158,1
6/1997119,9131,5103,9108,2111,8162,2
7/1997117,1130,0103,4103,7106,2159,2
8/1997118,6129,1102,4109,0106,4166,0
9/1997118,4127,2105,3108,3110,5160,8
10/1997119,3123,7108,7109,7117,7161,9
11/1997120,1123,2110,0107,5123,8170,5
12/1997116,6114,1110,0106,0121,5175,0
1/1998115,0110,6109,9104,8127,3163,9
2/1998114,1110,7106,5104,7131,0152,1
3/1998113,5111,5103,2105,2134,9139,6
4/1998112,4111,5102,1101,4137,2137,5
5/1998111,1108,1100,3100,4143,3131,0
6/1998108,4110,698,298,6131,9114,9
7/1998107,3107,398,796,0133,2122,6
8/1998104,7104,898,890,3132,8120,3
9/1998103,3105,296,089,9135,6102,6
10/1998104,5104,293,296,2135,7105,9
11/1998104,3101,492,897,3135,4114,4
12/1998104,0102,893,595,3132,1114,6
1/1999102,3100,693,095,9124,7115,1
2/199997,8100,591,392,4110,996,8
3/199995,4100,689,192,8101,085,4
4/199993,398,484,690,7105,176,9
5/199992,598,783,889,1100,981,6
6/199991,9100,183,089,989,385,6
7/199989,1101,081,786,879,276,3
8/199992,0103,682,389,385,481,6
9/199992,7101,683,788,888,394,6
10/199991,599,884,586,586,596,1
11/199990,8100,085,585,684,092,2
12/199988,797,286,883,881,185,3
1/200087,892,989,086,679,579,6
2/200088,797,688,387,775,875,1
3/200089,099,387,786,677,772,9
4/200089,596,688,187,280,285,4
5/200089,997,588,687,772,298,1
6/200091,498,393,185,269,3118,8
7/200092,298,097,281,369,0136,7
8/200091,995,798,480,267,2148,1
9/200091,494,5101,182,362,0142,3
10/200093,394,4103,686,559,0152,5
11/200093,294,8103,687,860,9140,9
12/200095,398,4104,490,261,2142,2
1/200193,292,3103,590,359,7146,5
2/200194,198,7103,088,757,1140,1
3/200195,4103,2103,687,960,8131,6
4/200193,6102,1102,685,660,2124,1
5/200195,8104,6106,885,957,6136,0
6/200195,0102,3108,284,961,5128,3
7/200197,4101,7109,287,875,5124,8
8/200196,7101,5108,386,979,6115,1
9/200194,9101,6107,586,171,8108,4
10/200192,999,8109,085,068,296,4
11/200193,697,4105,686,275,2108,9
12/200192,896,099,186,678,7111,1
1/200290,693,992,686,777,0110,5
2/200288,293,191,884,974,792,9
3/200288,596,387,684,274,595,0
4/200286,692,084,982,777,297,7
5/200285,189,978,084,981,686,2
6/200286,391,275,387,388,481,6
7/200287,990,772,692,689,390,6
8/200289,288,171,699,294,789,3
9/200292,287,774,0108,890,498,8
10/200292,685,476,0108,193,9106,6
11/200294,386,479,9105,1102,1111,1
12/200293,984,586,3100,0105,1112,8
1/200394,386,489,897,6102,5116,2
2/200396,088,392,398,099,7127,7
3/200394,588,993,396,295,0116,8
4/200393,989,891,595,795,3110,0
5/200395,191,991,798,497,7101,7
6/200394,892,691,897,399,195,4
7/200395,697,893,494,494,497,1
8/200397,299,094,699,192,096,9
9/200399,5104,298,099,996,284,9
10/2003101,8103,4102,1100,3109,284,6
11/2003104,2104,5103,7105,5111,286,3
12/2003105,7103,8105,6107,9115,489,2
1/2004108,0109,2107,4110,3114,882,4
2/2004109,7106,9112,5112,3122,682,9
3/2004113,9112,8114,3116,0124,191,6
4/2004114,3111,0115,9118,4123,893,3
5/2004112,8109,2119,7116,5118,190,0
6/2004114,5118,1125,0111,6106,198,3
7/2004113,6118,6128,8101,9104,9112,3
8/2004112,4117,5129,399,5106,0107,5
9/2004112,9117,6130,299,7106,8109,1
10/2004112,3115,2131,198,4104,9119,9
11/2004113,7116,9133,599,9106,6115,8
12/2004113,8117,0134,0100,6104,8117,1
1/2005114,0117,4134,3101,1100,2123,7
2/2005113,6117,0133,799,998,6129,2
3/2005116,5120,4134,4102,6106,5126,0
4/2005114,6119,8133,499,2104,0121,9
5/2005116,1125,1134,598,1102,4121,8
6/2005117,9127,3134,399,8103,4128,4
7/2005118,3125,1135,3101,6102,9136,8
8/2005118,1125,2136,9100,099,8141,0
9/2005120,1127,4137,6101,9101,6146,3
10/2005122,2127,2137,4104,4106,7157,8
11/2005121,0126,1136,3102,0104,6161,5
12/2005122,9126,1134,7104,6101,2189,4
1/2006122,1117,8130,8105,2101,9223,5
2/2006125,5117,3130,6109,0104,0254,6
3/2006122,9113,6128,9108,0104,0244,7
4/2006123,8114,9126,6109,6105,7248,2
5/2006125,2116,6126,4113,5108,4238,7
6/2006125,0120,6126,2113,3108,2218,5
7/2006128,0122,9126,4116,8112,9227,8
8/2006127,2127,6125,6115,6117,6190,9
9/2006127,0128,1126,3120,3114,4171,5
10/2006129,7125,8129,0132,4116,3165,2
11/2006133,8123,5134,3141,9125,7167,1
12/2006135,6121,8144,6141,1133,3164,2
1/2007134,7119,4148,6141,2132,4155,4
2/2007137,5120,5155,2146,4134,1150,0
3/2007139,2121,8163,0145,2136,8148,1
4/2007143,5124,8182,2141,0150,0137,9
5/2007148,2128,6189,5144,0161,5133,8
6/2007157,5132,3218,2152,2168,9131,8
7/2007164,6134,1244,4153,4174,5144,3
8/2007170,6136,6257,0162,7180,3139,1
9/2007179,4139,0266,0182,4187,9138,4
10/2007182,3135,0268,5190,3199,4141,9
11/2007187,8140,0271,7192,3217,8143,3
12/2007191,6137,7265,1210,0220,6152,0
1/2008201,5143,3256,7227,6245,0170,0
2/2008216,2144,3254,8263,7269,6191,7
3/2008219,8149,1252,3267,5282,1187,3
4/2008217,4153,5246,8264,4271,0178,2
5/2008218,2162,9244,8256,3275,1171,3
6/2008225,8171,0246,6267,7284,9172,1
7/2008222,4176,4244,8250,3266,7201,9
8/2008210,5179,2229,8233,6221,6207,3
9/2008198,7179,7205,3220,7198,3192,0
10/2008174,6170,1185,8186,7150,7168,9
11/2008160,1156,0161,7174,7133,1171,7
12/2008151,2142,5147,3172,6127,5166,7
1/2009148,7133,5128,3180,8134,3177,5
2/2009143,0125,0120,0174,0132,8187,7
3/2009145,7131,2122,4174,2131,8190,2
4/2009150,4134,8123,1175,8151,3193,7
5/2009160,6142,0129,5181,2171,5227,8
6/2009161,0145,8130,7179,8162,7233,1
7/2009158,0148,5134,0163,8146,1261,5
8/2009164,1150,5137,6160,1159,1318,4
9/2009164,1149,0151,6154,4151,4326,9
10/2009167,9144,9167,4163,6154,8321,3
11/2009179,7147,5216,6168,6165,0315,9
12/2009180,9142,5222,2166,7173,4334,0
1/2010182,8147,7207,1166,0173,0375,5
2/2010179,4148,9198,8161,0173,4360,8
3/2010170,9151,0191,9154,4178,6264,8
4/2010172,2156,2207,2151,7176,9233,4
5/2010172,0156,9213,5152,5173,3215,7
6/2010170,2157,0207,2148,4171,8224,9
7/2010176,0158,8204,7159,5178,9247,4
8/2010186,0160,9201,6182,1197,5262,7
9/2010196,6159,1205,0204,0202,8318,1
10/2010208,3163,6211,8217,2225,6349,3
11/2010216,1168,3215,0220,1248,5373,4
12/2010225,2170,6215,1233,8268,9398,4
1/2011232,7170,4227,0240,8284,0420,2
2/2011240,1174,0239,9254,6286,5418,2
3/2011234,6179,2245,3246,9265,4372,3
4/2011238,0186,9238,0261,3265,2345,7
5/2011234,7187,2239,9256,8264,7312,2
6/2011235,2185,2240,4250,6261,0357,7
7/2011233,4184,4237,1239,6253,4400,4
8/2011232,4184,8230,5244,8246,4393,7
9/2011227,7185,5224,1237,9240,0379,0
10/2011218,4184,6214,2223,9223,7361,2
11/2011218,9189,7209,5222,1235,4339,9
12/2011213,3187,8207,6211,9228,1326,9
1/2012214,7181,4211,3217,7235,0334,3
2/2012217,2184,2207,1220,9240,8342,3
3/2012217,0183,7200,3221,9247,4341,9
4/2012213,9185,0187,9218,6253,4324,0
5/2012205,0180,0178,4216,2233,4294,6
6/2012200,6174,0176,2217,0219,2290,4
7/2012213,0172,4176,3253,0224,4324,3
8/2012213,8177,7181,7253,6223,6296,2
9/2012217,8184,5195,4255,4221,4283,7
10/2012217,1187,2201,0254,3201,9288,2
11/2012215,6186,5202,8255,2195,8274,5
12/2012213,8187,2204,9249,1190,7274,0
1/2013212,9184,3208,5244,0200,3267,8
2/2013212,6186,4209,7241,1201,8259,2
3/2013214,8185,2228,8240,5196,7262,0
4/2013216,9186,6258,8230,7194,0252,6
5/2013214,6180,0253,5234,8194,3250,1
6/2013211,9179,7246,2232,3193,5242,6
7/2013207,5179,4243,6222,3186,7239,0
8/2013204,5182,4247,6206,8181,8241,7
9/2013203,7186,1250,2195,0184,3246,5
10/2013206,6187,3251,1196,6188,0264,8
11/2013205,7185,7250,8194,3198,5250,6
12/2013206,2185,6264,1192,9196,0234,9
1/2014203,2182,2267,7191,4188,6221,7
2/2014208,6181,8275,4198,6197,8235,4
3/2014213,8185,5268,5208,9204,8254,0
4/2014211,5190,4251,5209,2199,0249,9
5/2014210,4194,6238,9207,0195,3259,3
6/2014208,9202,8236,5196,1188,8258,0
7/2014204,3205,9226,1185,2181,1259,1
8/2014198,3212,0200,8182,5166,6244,3
9/2014192,7211,0187,8178,2162,0228,1
10/2014192,7210,2184,3178,3163,7237,6
11/2014191,3206,4178,1183,2164,9229,7
12/2014185,8196,4174,0183,9160,7217,5
1/2015178,9183,5173,8177,4156,0217,7
2/2015175,8176,9181,8171,7156,6207,1
3/2015171,5170,4184,9169,8151,7187,9
4/2015168,4170,8172,4167,2150,2185,5
5/2015167,2172,6167,5160,8154,1189,3
6/2015166,4173,6160,5163,2156,2176,8
7/2015164,6174,1149,1166,5147,6181,2

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